Which work critiques Christians' hopes in earthly kingdoms?

The choice of "City of God" is significant because it is a foundational text by Augustine of Hippo, written in response to the fall of Rome. In this work, Augustine critiques the reliance on earthly empires, emphasizing that true hope and fulfillment cannot be found in political or temporal power. Instead, he argues for the importance of the spiritual kingdom of God, which transcends earthly concerns and offers an eternal perspective.

Augustine distinguishes between the "City of God" and the "City of Man," illustrating how the former represents divine truth and moral order, while the latter is often characterized by moral decay and the fleeting nature of human power. This critique serves as a powerful reminder for Christians about the dangers of placing hope in political systems and earthly achievements, encouraging them to focus on their spiritual journey and the eternal kingdom.

In contrast, other works mentioned do not specifically address this theme. "The Life of Benedict" focuses on the monastic tradition and the rule of Saint Benedict, while "The Pastoral Rule" offers guidance for clergy. "Monastic Life" reflects on the ascetic lifestyle but does not engage directly with the critique of earthly kingdoms as prominently as Augustine's work does. This contextual understanding reinforces why "City of God" is the