What type of church governance was established by the Westminster Assembly?

The type of church governance established by the Westminster Assembly is Presbyterian. This model emphasizes a structured form of governance led by elected elders and pastors within a framework of representative leadership. The assembly, which met from 1643 to 1653 during the English Civil War, sought to create a system that was distinct from both episcopal governance, which is characterized by hierarchical authority with bishops, and congregationalist models, which prioritize individual congregations and their autonomy.

Presbyterian governance also underscores the importance of confessions and doctrinal standards, as seen in the Westminster Confession of Faith, which was adopted during the assembly's proceedings. This structure aims to balance authority and accountability within the church, ensuring that local congregations engage with broader church bodies, such as presbyteries and synods, in decision-making processes. This distinctive approach aligns with the theological goals of the Reformation, which sought to reform church practices in line with biblical teachings.