What significant event does Nahum prophetically address?

Nahum prophetically addresses the judgment against Nineveh, which is a crucial theme in his book. Nineveh was the capital of the Assyrian Empire, known for its cruelty and oppression, particularly toward the Israelites. The prophecy of Nahum comes as a message of comfort and assurance to the people of Judah, affirming that God will intervene and bring justice against those who have inflicted suffering upon them. The fall of Nineveh was significant not only as a divine judgment but also as a turning point for the power dynamics in the region, leading to a decrease in Assyrian dominance and greater autonomy for Israel.

The other choices focus on events that are either earlier in Israel's history or are related to restoration rather than judgment. The construction of a new temple pertains to a later period of Israel's history and the rebuilding efforts post-exile, while the Exodus from Egypt refers to the foundational moment of liberation from slavery. The return of Israel from exile, while a critical event, is primarily associated with hope and restoration rather than the judgment that Nahum proclaims against Nineveh. Thus, the emphasis of Nahum's prophecy on the impending judgment is what sets it apart and highlights its significance.