What lesson is emphasized by the term "vanity" in Ecclesiastes?

The term "vanity" in Ecclesiastes emphasizes the notion that earthly pursuits are ultimately worthless without God. Throughout the book, the author reflects on the transient nature of worldly achievements, pleasures, and wisdom, often concluding that they do not provide lasting satisfaction or meaning. This perspective highlights the futility of seeking fulfillment in temporary things, as they are ultimately fleeting and do not lead to true purpose in life. In contrast, a relationship with God provides the foundation for meaning and lasting significance, suggesting that everything outside of divine connection is ephemeral. This theme serves as a reminder to prioritize spiritual over material pursuits, reinforcing the idea that fulfillment comes from aligning one's life with God rather than chasing after worldly accomplishments.