According to Ecclesiastes 12, what is identified as the whole duty of man?

In Ecclesiastes 12, the text articulates that the whole duty of man is to fear God and keep His commandments. This conclusion comes at the end of a reflection on the meaning of life and the various pursuits that people engage in. Throughout Ecclesiastes, the author examines the fleeting nature of worldly pursuits like wealth, pleasure, and knowledge, ultimately suggesting that they are all temporary and can lead to a sense of emptiness when regarded as life's ultimate goals.

The emphasis on fearing God and adhering to His commandments underscores a foundational principle in many religious teachings: that true fulfillment and purpose are found in a right relationship with God, which involves reverence, obedience, and purpose-guided living. This relationship is portrayed as enduring and significant, contrasting with the impermanence of earthly achievements, which are often fleeting and ultimately unsatisfying. Thus, the correct identification of humanity's duty highlights spiritual commitment over temporary gains or intellectual pursuits, reinforcing the value of faith and moral responsibility in leading a meaningful life.