According to Christian doctrine, what resulted from the first sin of humanity?

The first sin of humanity, often referred to as the "Fall," is traditionally understood within Christian doctrine to have led to significant consequences for both humanity and creation. The correct answer highlights two major outcomes: the cursed ground and mortality.

When Adam and Eve disobeyed God by eating from the Tree of the Knowledge of Good and Evil, it resulted in not only their spiritual separation from God but also the introduction of physical and spiritual death into the world. The idea of a "cursed ground" stems from God's pronouncement that henceforth, the earth would produce thorns and thistles, leading to increased toil for humanity as they worked the land. This illustrates the broader theological theme of creation's groaning as it has been subjected to futility due to sin.

Mortality, as a direct consequence, signifies that humanity would no longer have access to eternal life in the perfect state of communion with God that existed prior to sin. Instead, physical death became an inevitable reality for all. Thus, the result of humanity's first disobedience encompasses both a tangible curse upon creation and a profound alteration of the human condition, leading to the need for redemption.

Given this understanding, the choice that describes the consequences of the first sin accurately encaps